ABSTRACT
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, MIS-C is also referred to as a paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, PIMS. It is a late complication of SARS-CoV-2 infec-tion. The underlying cause is immunological dysregulation, leading to severe inflammatory processes. Children with PIMS require hospital treatment, the use of immunomodulating drugs, and often intensive care. The high effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination has been demonstrated in the prevention of MIS-C in adolescents. However, there are no explic-it vaccination recommendations for children who have already suffered from MIS-C. We present a summary of current knowledge on vaccinations against COVID-19 in the context of MIS-C and the Polish guidance of vaccinations for children following MIS-C.Copyright © 2022, Wydawnictwo Czelej Sp. z o.o.. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome associated with COVID-19 (PIMS) is a new entity, occurring in children and young adults, associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The first cases of PIMS were found in Poland in May 2020. Since October 2020, a significant increase in the incidence of this new disease has been observed in Poland, which reflects the increased incidence of COVID-19 in adults. PIMS development results from dysregulation of the immune system occurring after 2-4 weeks after the SARS-CoV-2 in-fection. Diagnosis is based on a set of clinical features (including fever and features of mul-tiple organ damage) and laboratory abnormalities, with the exclusion of other causes. Most common complications involve cardiovascular system: myocarditis with decreased left ven-tricular ejection fraction, shock and/or coronary artery aneurysms. Mortality is around 2%. Appropriate management, including vital functions support and immunomodulating treat-ment, allows for a quick recovery of the vast majority of patients. The following document is a proposal for diagnostic and therapeutic management of children with suspected PIMS in Poland. Copyright © 2020, Wydawnictwo Czelej Sp. z o.o.. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a late complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection, either symptomatic or asymptomatic. The underlying cause is immunological dysregulation, leading to severe inflammatory processes. Children with MIS-C require hospital treatment, the use of immunomodulating drugs, and often intensive care. COVID-19 vaccination is safe and highly effective in preventing not only severe COVID-19, but also MIS-C in adolescents. However, there are no explicit vaccination recommendations for children who underwent MIS-C. We present a summary of current knowledge on vaccinations against COVID-19 in the context of MIS-C. Moreover, we propose guidance concerning vaccinations for children following MIS-C.
ABSTRACT
Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome associated with COVID-19 (PIMS) is a new entity, occurring in children and young adults, associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The first cases of PIMS were found in Poland in May 2020. Since October 2020, a signi-ficant increase in this new disease incidence has been observed in Poland, reflecting the increased incidence of COVID-19 in the pediatric population. PIMS development results from dysregulation of the immune system occurring after ca. 4 weeks after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diagnosis is based on criteria: a set of clinical features (including fever and features of multiple organ damage) and elevated inflammatory markers, excluding other cau-ses. The most common complications involve the cardiovascular system: heart damage with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, shock, and coronary artery abnormalities. Mortality is around 2%. Appropriate management, including vital functions support and immunomodulating treatment, allows for a quick recovery of the vast majority of patients. The following document is a guideline for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of children with suspected PIMS in Poland. © 2021, Wydawnictwo Czelej Sp. z o.o.. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a new clinical entity occurring in children and young adults, which is associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The first cases of MIS-C were diagnosed in Poland in May 2020. Since October 2020, a significant increase in the incidence of this new disease has been observed in Poland, reflecting the increased incidence of COVID-19 in the paediatric population. MIS-C develops as a result of dysregulation of the immune system occurring 4 weeks after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diagnosis is based on the following criteria: a set of clinical features (including fever and signs of multiple organ damage) and elevated inflammatory markers, with exclusion of other causes. The most common complications involve the cardiovascular system: acute myocardial damage with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, shock, and coronary artery abnormalities and arrhythmias. Mortality in Western Europe and the United States is around 1-2%. Appropriate management, including vital function support and immunomodulatory treatment, allows for a quick recovery in the vast majority of patients. This document is an updated guideline for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of children with suspected MIS-C in Poland. The most important changes concern treatment, steroid therapy, and antiplatelet therapy in particular.